Fluorescein transport: O-ring position and wafer variability
After diffusing through a polymeric or pnc-Si membrane in the transwell format, diffusing molecules meet an “unstirrred water layer = UWL” on the bottom of the membrane. The UWL acts as another resistance to transport into the receiver compartment. According to some PAMPA papers, the UWL can be greater than 1 mm in thickness without…